Internal brain anatomy. Artwork of a male head and brain from the side, showing the internal brain anatomy. The highly folded area is the cerebrum, which is responsible for conscious thought, emotion and voluntary movement. The striped structure seen at centre right is the cerebellum, which controls voluntary muscular movement and maintains posture and balance. The brainstem is light orange. This controls subconscious functions such as breathing and the regulation of heart rate, and connects the brain to the spinal cord (bottom, yellow).